Alberta Women's Institute (AWI)

For Home and Country

Acorn, Annalise. "Encountering Emily: Alberta Women's Responses to Magistrate Murphy."  Aspenland II: On Women's Lives and Work in Central Alberta. Ed. David Ridley. Red Deer: Central Alberta Regional Museums Network and Central Alberta Historical Society, 2003. 13-21.

"Adult Education: 1865-1995". The Homeroom: British Columbia's History of Education Web Site. Online. 15 January 2008. <http://records.viu.ca/homeroom/Content/PostSec/adulted.htm>.

Advisory Board of Women's Institutes. "Women's Institute Work in British Columbia." Ministry of Agriculture, 1912.

Alberta Women's Institute. History Supplement of the Alberta Women's Institute. Edmonton: Alberta Women's Institute, 1975.

---. The Story of the Alberta Women's Institute. Edmonton: Alberta Women's Institute, 1955.

Alberta Women's Institutes. Alberta Women's Institutes: Policy and Procedures Manual. Edmonton: Alberta Women's Institutes, 2000.

---. The Book of Ideas: A Project of the Alberta Women's Institutes, 1963-1967. Edmonton: Alberta Women's Institutes, 1967.

---. "Pride in Our Past." Home & Country Winter 2000.

---. "Report of Second Annual Convention of Alberta Women's Institute." Ministry of Agriculture. Alberta, 1916.

Ambrose, Linda M. "Ontario Women's Institutes and the Work of Local History."  Creating Historical Memory: English-Canadian Women and the Work of History. Ed. Beverly Boutilier and Alison Prentice. Vancouver: UBC Press, 1997. 75-98.

---. "Our Last Frontier: Imperialism and Northern Canadian Rural Women's Organizations." Canadian Historical Review 86.2 (June 2005): 257-84.

---. ""What Are the Good of Those Meetings Anyway?" Early Popularity of the Ontario Women's Institutes." Ontario History 87.1 (Spring 1995): 1-19.

---. "The Women's Institutes in Northern Ontario, 1905-1930: Imitators or Innovators."  Changing Lives: Women in Northern Ontario. Ed. Margaret Kechnie and Marge Reitsma-Street. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 1996. 263-74.

Ambrose, Linda M. and Margaret Kechnie. "Social Control or Social Feminism? Two Views of the Ontario Women's Institute." Agricultural History 73.2 (Spring 1999): 222-37.

Amis, William D. and Samuel E. Stern. "A Critical Examination of Theory and Functions of Voluntary Associations." 3.3-4 (1974): 91-99.

Andrew, Caroline. "Voluntarism and Women's Lobbying in Ottawa."  Women and Counter-Power. Ed. Yolande Cohen. Montreal: Black Rose Books, 1989. 118-23.

Andrews, Maggie. The Acceptable Face of Feminism: The Women's Institute as a Social Movement. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1997

"Another Celebration". Merrickville and District Historical Society. Online. 15 January 2008. <http://www.merrickvillehistory.org/newsletters/newsletter-4-3.html>.

Babchuk, Nicholas and Alvin J. Schmidt. "Voluntary Associations, Social Change and Racial Discrimination: An Analysis of Means and Ends." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 5.2 (1976): 65-74.

Bacchi, Carol. "Divided Allegiances: The Response of Farm and Labour Women to Suffrage."  A Not Unreasonable Claim: Women and Reform in Canada. Ed. Linda Kealey. Toronto: Women's Press, 1979. 89-107.

Baker, Paula. "The Domestication of Politics: Women and American Political Society, 1780-1920." American Historical Review 89.3 (June 1984): 620-47.

Baltessen, Jody and Shelagh H. Squire. "Winnipeg Women Getting Together: Study Groups and Reading Clubs, 1900-1940."  Framing Our Past: Canadian Women's History in the Twentieth Century. Ed. Lorna R. McLean and Kate O'Rourke Sharon Anne Cook. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2001. 10-14.

Barker, Donald. "Funding Communal Culture: Opportunism and Standardisation of Funding for Mechanics' Institutes in Colonial Victoria." Australian Library Journal 51.3 (May 2002).

Beito, David T. "To Advance the 'Practice of Thrift and Economy': Fraternal Societies and Social Capital." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 29.4 (Spring 1999): 585-612.

Bishop, Olga B. "Publications of the Government of Ontario: 1867-1900." Ministry of Government Services, 1976.

Black, Naomi. "Where Clubs Are Always Trumps: Women's Political Action in the International System."  Women and Counter-Power. Ed. Yolande Cohen. Montreal: Black Rose Books, 1989. 142-56.

Blair, Karen. "Why Women's Clubs". Women's History Consortium. Online. 23 April 2008. <http://www.washingtonwomenshistory.org/themes/clubs/historyOfClubsBlairAudio.aspx>.

Bohlmann, Rachel E. ""Our House Beautiful": The Women's Temple and the Wctu Effort to Establish Place and Identity in Downtown Chicago." Journal of Women's History 11.2 (Summer 1999): 110-20.

Boutilier, Beverly and Alison Prentice eds. Creating Historical Memory: English-Canadian Women and the Work of History. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1997

Boylan, Anne M. The Origins of Women's Activism: New York and Boston: 1797-1840. Capital Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002

Breaux, Richard M. ""Maintaining a Home for Girls": The Iowa Federation of Colored Women's Clubs at the University of Iowa, 1919-1950." Journal of African American History  (Spring 2002): 236-55.

Bruno-Jofre. "Citizenship and Schooling in Manitoba, 1918-1945." Manitoba History 36 (Autumn/Winter 1998-1999).

Bultena, Gordon L. and David L. Rogers. "Voluntary Associations and Political Equality: An Extension of Mobilization Theory." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 4.3-4 (1975): 172-83.

Burnet, R. Word to the Members of the Mechanics' Institutes. London: J. Johns, 1826

Butterfield, Kenyon L. Chapters in Rural Progress. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1909

Callan, Hilary. "Introduction."  The Incorporated Wife. Ed. Hilary Callen and Shirley Ardener. London: Croom Helm, 1984. 1-26.

Candy, Philip C. and John Laurent eds. Pioneering Culture: Mechanics' Institutes and Schools of Arts in Australia. Adelaide: Auslib Press, 1994

Canuck, Janey. Seeds of Pine. Toronto: Musson Book Company Limited, 1922

Caputo, Richard K. "Women as Volunteers and Activists." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 26.2 (June 1997): 156-74.

Carbert, Louise I. Agrarian Feminism: The Politics of Ontario Farm Women. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995

---. "Agrarian Feminism: The Politics of Ontario Farm Women." Ph.D.York University, July 1991.

Cebotarev, E.A. (Nora). "From Domesticity to the Public Sphere: Farm Women, 1945-86."  A Diversity of Women: Ontario 1945-1980. Ed. Joy Parr. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995. 200-31.

Clark, Samuel D, J. Paul Grayson and Linda M. Grayson eds. Prophecy and Protest: Social Movements in Twentieth-Century Canada. Toronto: Gage Education Publishing Limited, 1975

Clemens, Elisabeth S. "Seucing Political Returns to Social Capital: Women's Associations in the United States, 1880s-1920s." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 29.4 (Spring 1999): 613-38.

Cleverdon, Catherine L. The Woman Suffrage Movement in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1950

Clifford Larson, Kate. "The Saturday Evening Girls: A Progressive Era Library Club and the Intellectual Life of Working Class and Immigrant Girls in Turn-of-the-Century Boston." Library Quarterly 71.2 (April 2001): 195-212.

Cogswell, Jean. "Libraries - "for Home and Country" or "Help! I Have to Give a Presentation"." Prairie Print Culture Colloquium. Regina: History of the Book in Canada. Online, March 2001.

Cohen, Yolande. "L’association De Cercles De Fermières in Québec: Sociability and Social Influence."  Women and Counter-Power. Ed. Yolande Cohen. Montreal: Black Rose Books, 1989. 124-41.

Cole, Catherine C. and Ann Milovic. "Education, Community Service, and Social Life: The Alberta Women's Institutes and Rural Families, 1909-1945."  Standing on New Ground: Women in Alberta. Ed. Catherine A. Cavanaugh and Randi R. Warne. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, 1993. 19-31.

Cole, Catherine C. and Judy Larmour. Many and Remarkable: The Story of the Alberta Women's Institutes. Edmonton: Alberta Women's Institutes, 1997.

---. "Provincial Executive Members of the Alberta Women's Institutes."  Many and Remarkable: The Story of the Alberta Women's Institutes. Edmonton: Alberta Women's Institutes, 1997. 123-24.

Coleman, James S. "Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital." American Journal of Sociology 94.Supplement (1988): S95-S120.

Collins, Michael. "The Mechanics' Institute - Education for the Working Man?" Adult Education 23.1 (1972): 37-47.

Connell, Eileen. "Edith Wharton Joins the Working Classes: 'the House of Mirth' and the New York Working Girls' Club." Women's Studies 26.6 (November 1997): 557-604.

Courtney, Sean. "Adult Education and the Modern Nation-State: Reflections on Social Commitment and Adult Education." International Journal of Lifelong Education 13.6 (1994): 465-76.

Crerar, Adam. "Writing across the Rural-Urban Divide: The Case of Peter Mcarthur, 1909-24." Journal of Canadian Studies 41.2 (Spring 2007): 112-37.

Crowley, Terry. "Madonnas before Magdalenes: Adelaide Hoodless and the Making of the Canadian Gibson Girl." Canadian Historical Review 67.4 (December 1986): 520-49.

---. "The Origins of Continuing Education for Women: The Ontario Women's Institutes." Canadian Women's Studies 7.3 (1985): 78-81.

Culbertson, Debbie. "The Other Vote Goes to the Sister." The Beaver: Exploring Canada's History 2002.

Cuthbert Brandt, Gail and Naomi Black. "“Il En Faut Un Peu”: Farm Women and Feminism in Québec and France since 1945." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association / Revue de la Société historique du Canada 1.1 (1990): 73-96.

Cutler, Neal E. "Toward an Appropriate Typology for the Study of the Participation of Older Persons in Voluntary Associations." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 9.1-4 (1980): 9-19.

Dal Fiore, Fillippo. "Communities Versus Networks: The Implications on Innovation and Social Change." American Behavioral Scientist 50.7 (March 2007): 857-66.

Dennison, Carol. "Housekeepers of the Community: The British Columbia Women's Institutes, 1909-1946."  Knowledge for the People: The Struggle for Adult Learning in English-Speaking Canada. Ed. Michael Robert Welton. Toronto: OISE Press, 1987. 52-72.

Dirks, Patricia. "Shaping Canada's Women: Canadian Girls in Training Versus Girl Guides."  Framing Our Past: Canadian Women's History in the Twentieth Century. Ed. Lorna R. McLean and Kate O'Rourke Sharon Anne Cook. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2001. 155-59.

Dodd, Dianne. "Women and Domestic Technology: Household Drudgery, "Democratized Consumption", and Patriarchy."  Framing Our Past: Canadian Women's History in the Twentieth Century. Ed. Lorna R. McLean and Kate O'Rourke Sharon Anne Cook. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2001. 101-10.

Douglas, Stephen A. "Voluntary Associational Structure in Malaysia: Some Implications for Political Participation." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 1.1 (1972): 24-37.

Doyle, Don. H. "The Social Functions of Voluntary Associations in a Nineteenth-Century American Town." Social Science History 1.3 (Spring 1977): 333-35.

Drummond, James. Onward and Upward: Extracts (1891-96) from the Magazine of the Onward and Upward Association Founded by Lady Aberdeen for the Material, Mental and Moral Elevation of Women. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 1983

Duff, James S. "Report of the Farmers' Institutes of the Province of Ontario: 1908." Ontario Department of Agriculture, 1909.

Edwards, Patricia Klobus, John N. Edwards and Ann Dewitt Watts. "Women, Work, and Social Participation." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 13.1 (1984): 7-22.

Ellerman, Evelyn. "Function and Beauty - Wi - June 5, 2003." 2003.

"The Famous 5 Profiles". The Famous 5. Online. 6 July 2003. <http://www.edukits.ca/famous/profiles.html>.

"Federated Women's Institutes of Canada".  Fredericton. National Adult Literacy Database. Online. 24 July 2002. <http://www.nald.ca/litweb/other/fwic/index.htm>.

"Federated Women's Institutes of Ontario: Wi Fact File".  Guelph. Federated Women's Institutes of Ontario. Online. 6 July 2003. <http://www.fwio.on.ca/>.

Fenner, Ruth. "A Canadian Woman of the 20th Century Who Has Made a Difference".  Vancouver. South Vancouver Island Women's Institute: "For Home and Country". Internet. 6 July 2003. <http://www.svanciswomensinstitute.bc.ca/awatt.html>.

Fiamengo, Janice. "A Legacy of Ambivalence: Responses to Nellie Mcclung." Journal of Canadian Studies 34.4 (Winter 1999/2000): 70-87.

Firth, Ann. "Culture and Wealth Creation: Mechanics' Institutes and the Emergence of Political Economy in Early Nineteenth-Century Britain." History of Intellectual Culture 5.1 (2005): 1-14.

Fitzsimons, Peter. Nancy Wake: A Biography of Our Greatest Heroine. Sydney: Harper Collins, 2001

Flanagan, Maureen A. "Gender and Urban Political Reform: The City Club and the Woman's City Club of Chicago in the Progressive Era." American Historical Review 95.4 (October 1990): 1032-50.

Fletcher, L. P. "The Limitations of Management and the Decline of Friendly Societies in Trinidad and Tobago." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 14.1 (1985): 30-44.

Flora, Cornelia Butler and Jan L. Flora. "The Past and Future: Social Contract, Social Policy and Social Capital."  Increasing Understanding of Public Problems and Policies. Ed. SA Halbrook and CE Merry. Oak Brook: Farm Foundation, 1995. 53-64.

The Forty-Sixth Annual Report on the Work of the Fabian Society. London: The Fabian Society, 1929.

Foster, Mary, Agnes Meinhard and Ida Berger. "The Role of Social Capital: Bridging, Bonding or Both?" Working Paper Series 22. Toronto: Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Faculty of Business, Ryerson University, November 2003.

Freedman, Estelle. "Separatism as Strategy: Female Institution Building and American Feminism, 1870-1930." Feminist Studies 5.3 (Autumn 1979): 512-29.

Furniss, Beatrice. The Fundless Campaign. 

Gaffield, Chad. "Mechanics' Institutes". Canadian Encyclopedia. Online. 15 January 2008.

Gamm, Gerald and Robert D. Putnam. "The Growth of Voluntary Associations in America, 1840-1940."  Patterns of Social Capital: Stability and Change in Historical Perspective. Ed. Robert I Rotberg. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. 173-219.

---. "The Growth of Voluntary Associations in America, 1840-1940." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 29.4 (Spring 1999): 511-57.

Gartner, William B. "Organizing the Voluntary Association." Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice 17.2 (Winter 1993): 103-06.

Gay, Hannah and John W. Gay. "Brothers in Science: Science and Fraternal Culture in Nineteenth-Century Britain." History of Science 35.4 (December 1997): 425-55.

Gere, Anne Ruggles. "Kitchen Tables and Rented Rooms: The Extracurriculum of Composition." College Composition and Communication 45.1 (February 1994): 75-92.

"Gfwc Archives". General Federation of Women's Club (GFWC). Online. 23 April 2008. <http://www.gfwc.org/gfwc/Default.asp>.

Ginzberg, Lori D. Women and the Work of Benevolence: Morality, Politics, and Class in the Nineteenth-Century United States. London: Yale University Press, 1992

Goldman, Lawrence. "Intellectuals and the English Working Class 1870-1945: The Case of Adult Education." History of Education 29.4 (2000): 281-300.

Goldstein, Daniel. "The Spirit of an Age: Iowa Public Libraries and Professional Librarians as Solutions to Society's Problems, 1890-1940." Libraries & Culture 38.3 (Summer 2003): 214-36.

Gomersall, Meg. "Challenges and Changes: The Education of Lancashire Factory Women in the Later Nineteenth Cebntury." History of Education 24.2 (1995): 165-72.

Goodenough, Simon. Jam and Jerusalem. London: Collins, 1977

Goodwin, Joanne L. "Toward a Tenderer Humanity and a Nobler Womanhood: African-American Women's Clubs in Turn-of-the-Century Chicago." Journal of Women's History 11.1 (Spring 1999): 219-25.

Gottlieb, Agnes Hooper. "Networking in the Nineteenth Century Founding of the Woman's Press Club of New York City." Journalism History 21.4 (Winter 1995): 156-65.

Government of British Columbia. "Farmers and Womens Institutes Act: [Rsbc 1996] Chapter 133." Victoria. Queen's Printer, 1996.

Government of Canada. "The Canadian Annual Review." Toronto: Canadian Review Company Limited, 1925.

Government of the Province of Alberta. "Women's Institute Act: Chapter W-13 Revised Statues of Alberta 1980." Edmonton: Queen's Printer, 1980.

Green, Andy. "Technical Education and State Formation in Nineteenth-Century England and France." History of Education 24.2 (1995): 123-39.

Greene, Jack P. "Social and Cultural Capital in Colonial British American: A Case Study."  Patterns of Social Capital: Stability and Change in Historical Perspective. Ed. Robert I Rotberg. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. 153-72.

Gutmann, Myron P. and Sara M. Pullum. "From Local to National Political Cultures: Social Capital and Civic Organization in the Great Plains."  Patterns of Social Capital: Stability and Change in Historical Perspectives. Ed. Robert I. Rotberg. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. 337-74.

Hake, Barry J. "The Pedagogy of Useful Knowledge for the Common Man: The Lending Libraries of the Society for the Common Benefit in the Netherlands, 1794-1813." History of Education 29.6 (2000): 495-515.

Halpern, Monda. ""Such Outrageous Discrimination": Farm Women and Their Grievances in Early Twentieth-Century Ontario."  Framing Our Past: Constructing Canadian Women's Hisory in the Twentieth Century. Ed. Lorna R. McLean and Kate O'Rourke Sharon Anne Cook. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2001. 116-23.

Hamilton, John. History of Farmers' Institutes in the United States: U.S. Department of Agriculture: Government Printing Office, 1906.

Harrison, Cynthia. "Review." Rev. of Becoming Citizens: The Emergence and Development of the California Women's Movement, 1880-1911, by Gayle Gullett. Journal of Women's History 14.3 (Autumn 2002): 188.

Hastings, George W. ed. Transactions of the National Association for the Promotion of Social Science. London: John W. Parker and Son, 1860

Heaton, B., Greg Preston & Mary Rabbitt. "Science, Success & Soirees: The Mechanics' Institute Movement in Newcastle and the Lower Hunter." Newcastle History Monograph 14 (n.d.): 1-9.

"Highlighting Human Rights in Onario: Right to Education". Archives of Ontario. Online. 15 January 2008. <http://www.archives.gov.on.ca/english/index.html>.

Hinden, Rita ed. Local Government and the Colonies: A Report to the Fabian Colonial Bureau. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd, 1950

"History and Mission". General Federation of Women's Club (GFWC). Online. 23 April 2008. <http://www.gfwc.org/gfwc/History_and_Mission.asp?SnID=202731010>.

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Hole, James. An Essay on the History and Management of Literary, Scientific, & Mechanics' Institutions. 1853. London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd., 1970

Hougland Jr., James G. and James A Christenson. "Voluntary Organizations and Dominant American Values." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 11.4 (1982): 7-26.

Howard, Irene. The Struggle for Social Justice in British Columbia: Helena Gutteridge, the Unknown Reformer. Vancouver: UBC Press, 1992

Inc., Mechanics' Institutes of Victoria. "Useful Knowledge: The Newsletter of the Mechanics' Institutes of Victoria Inc." No. 14 Winter 2007.

Jackson, Sue. "Jam, Jerusalem and Calendar Girls: Lifelong Learning and the Women's Institite (Wi)." Studies in the Education of Adults 38.1 (Spring 2006): 74-90.

Jacob, Margaret. "Exits from the Enlightenment: Masonic Routes." American Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies 33.2 (2000): 251-54.

James, Cathy. "Women, the Settlement Movement, and State Formation in the Early Twentieth Century."  Framing Our Past: Canadian Women's History in the Twentieth Century. Ed. Lorna R. McLean and Kate O'Rourke Sharon Anne Cook. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2001. 222-27.

James, Donna. Emily Murphy. Don Mills: Fitzhenry & Whiteside Limited, 1977

"Jane Cunningham Croly". General Federation of Women's Club (GFWC). Online. 23 April 2008. <http://www.gfwc.org/gfwc/Jane_Cunningham_Croly.asp?SnID=1850611986>.

Jenner, Jessica Reynolds. "Participation, Leadership, and the Role of Volunteerism among Selected Women Volunteers." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 11.4 (1982): 27-38.

Johnson, Joan Marie. ""Drill into Us.The Rebel Tradition": The Contest over Southern Identity in Black and White Women's Clubs in South Carolina, 1898-1930." Journal of Southern History 66.3 (August 2000): 525-39.

Jones, David J. "Not to Be under-Estimated." Rev. of Buildings, books and beyond: Mechanics' Worldwide Conference 2004 by Mechanics' Institutes of Victoria. Australian Library Journal 55.4 (November 2006): 369-71.

Kechnie, Margaret. "Defining the Lives of Rural Women: Laura Rose on "the Womanly Sphere of Woman"."  Framing Our Past: Canadian Women's History in the Twentieth Century. Ed. Lorna R. McLean and Kate O'Rourke Sharon Anne Cook. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2001. 111-15.

---. "Rural Women's Role in the "Great National Work of Home Building": The Women's Isntitutes in Early Twentieth Century Ontario." Canadian Women Studies 20.2 (Summer 2000): 118-24.

---. "The United Farm Women of Ontario: Developing a Political Consciousness." Ontario History 77.4 (December 1985): 267-79.

Keen, Susan. "Associations in Australian History: Their Contributions to Social Capital." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 29.4 (Spring 1999): 639-59.

Kelly, Peggy. "Cultural Nationalism and Maternal Feminism: Madge Macbeth as Writer, Broadcaster, and Literary Figure."  Framing Our Past: Canadian Women's History in the Twentieth Century. Ed. Lorna R. McLean and Kate O'Rourke Sharon Anne Cook. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2001. 381-84.

Kerri, James Mwannukwu. "Antrhropological Studies of Voluntary Associations & Voluntary Action: A Review." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 5.1 (1976): 27-32.

Kirby, Richard M. "Voluntary Action in Developing Countries: Types, Origins, and Possibilities." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 2.3 (1973): 148-55.

Kitchen, Penny comp. For Home & Country: War, Peace and Rural Life as Seen through the Pages of the W.I. Magazine, 1919-1959. London: Ebury Press, 1990

Kowaleski-Wallace, Elizabeth. "The Needs of Strnagers: Friendly Societies and Insurance Societies in Late Eighteenth-Century England." Eighteenth-Century Life 24 (2000): 53-72.

Lang, Marjory. Women Who Made the News: Female Journalists in Canada, 1880-1945. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1999

Langford, Nanci. ""All That Glitters": The Political Apprenticeship of Alberta Women, 1916-1930."  Standing on New Ground: Women in Alberta. Ed. Catherine A. Cavanaugh and Randi R. Warne. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, 1993. 71-85.

Leake, Albert H. The Means and Methods of Agricultural Education. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1915

---. The Vocational Education of Girls and Women. Toronto: MacMillan Co. of Canada, Ltd., 1918

Lemon, Mona, Bartolomeo J, Palisi and Perry E. Jacobson. "Dominat Statuses and Involvement in Formal Voluntary Associations." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 1.2 (1972): 30-42.

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Loewenberg, Frank, M. "Voluntary Organizations in Developing Countries and Colonial Societies: The Social Service Department of the Palestine Jewish Community in the 1930s." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 20.4 (Winter 1991): 415-28.

Lord Beveridge. Voluntary Action: A Report on Methods of Social Advance. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd, 1949

Luke, Allan. "Making Dick and Jane: Historical Genesis of the Modern Basal Reader." Teachers College Record 89.1 (Fall 1987): 91-116.

Lyon, C.W. Agricultural Extension and Advisory Work with Special Reference to the Colonies: A Report on a Tour Made in 1947 to Study Agricultural Extension and Advisory Work in East and West Africa, Canada and the United States of America and Puerto Rico.: Great Britain Colonial Office, 1949

MacIsaac, Mary. Handbook for Women's Institutes. Edmonton: Ministry of Agriculture, 1916.

Main, Gloria L. "An Inquiry into When and Why Women Learned to Write in Colonial New England." Journal of Social History 24.3 (Spring 1991): 579-91.

Mansfield, Peter. "The Management of Libraries in Ballarat Betwenn 1851-1900." Australasian Public Libraries and Information Services (APLIS) 14.2 (June 2001): 62-72.

Martel, Caroline. "The Telephone Operator: From "Information Central" to Endangered Species."  Trans. Rosemary Covert. Framing Our Past: Canadian Women's History in the Twentieth Century. Ed. Lorna R. McLean and Kate O'Rourke Sharon Anne Cook. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2001. 376.

Marti, Donald B. "Sisters of the Grange: Rural Feminism in the Late Nineteenth Century." Agricultural History 58 (July 1984): 247-61.

McCallum, Mary Jane. ""the Fundamental Things": Camp Fire Girls and Authenticity, 1910-20." Canadian Journal of History 40.1 (April 2005): 45-66.

McCarthy, Helen. "Parties, Voluntary Associations, and Democratic Politics in Interwar Britain." Historical Journal 50.4 (2007): 891-912.

McCook, Kathleen de la Pena. A Place at the Table: Participating in Community Building. Chicago: American Library Congress, 2000

McCulloch, Gary. "Education and the Middle Classes: The Case of English Grammer Schools, 1868-1944." History of Education 35.6 (November 2006): 689-704.

McLean, Scott. "University Extension and Social Change: Positioning a University of the People in Saskatchewan." Adult Education Quarterly 58.1 (November 2007): 3-21.

---. ""a Work Second to None": Positioning Extension at the University of Alberta, 1912-75." Studies in the Education of Adults 39.1 (Spring 2007): 77-91.

Meinhard, Agnes and Mary Foster. "Competition or Collaboration? Preliminary Results of a Survey of Women's Voluntary Organizations." Working Paper Series 8. Toronto: Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Faculty of Business, Ryerson University, December 1997.

---. "Responses of Women's Voluntary Organization to the Changing Social, Political and Economic Environment." ARNOVA 26th Annual Conference. Indianapolis IN, December 1997.

Meinhard, Agnes G. and Mary K. Foster. "Women's Voluntary Organizations and the Restructuring of Canada's Voluntary Sector: A Theoretical Perspective." Working Paper Series 6. Toronto: Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Faculty of Business, Ryerson University, January 1996.

Mokyr, Joel. "The Knowledge Society: Theoretical and Historical Underpinnings." Chicago: Northwestern University, 2003.

Morgan, Cecilia. ""of Slender Frame and Delicate Appearance": The Placing of Laura Secord in the Narratives of Canadian Loyalist History." Journal of Canadian Historical Association 5.1 (1994): 195-212.

Morris-Crowther, Jayne. "Municipal Housekeeping: The Political Activities of the Detroit Federation of Women's Clubs in the 1920s." Michigan Historical Review 30.1 (Spring 2004): 31-57.

Moss, Jeffrey W. and Cynthia B. Lass. "A History of Farmers' Institutes." Agricultural History 62.2 (1988): 150-63.

O'Neill, Michael. "Philanthropic." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 23.1 (Spring 1994): 3-20.

Owen, Michael. ""Lighting the Pathways for New Canadians": Methodist and United Church Wms Missions in Eastern Alberta, 1904-1940."  Standing on New Ground: Women in Alberta. Ed. Catherine A. Cavanaugh and Randi R. Warne. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, 1993. 1-16.

Palisi, Bartolomeo, J. and Perry E. Jacobson. "Dominant Statuses and Involvement in Types of Instrumental and Expressive Voluntary Associations." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 6.1-2 (1977): 80-88.

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Peterson, James C. and Gary R. Lee. "Religious Affiliation and Social Participation: Differences between Lutherans and Catholics." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 5.2 (1976): 82-94.

Pickles, Katie. "Exhibiting Canada: Empire, Migration and the 1928 English Schoolgirl Tour." Gender, Place and Culture 7.1 (2000): 81-96.

---. Female Imperialism and National Identity: Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2002

---. "Forgotten Colonizers: The Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire (Iode) and the Canadian North." Canadian Geographer 42.2 (1998): 193-204.

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Portes, Alejandro. "Social Capital: Its Origins and Applications in Modern Sociology." Annual Review of Sociology 24 (1998): 1-24.

Pottie, Laura N. Their Dreams Never Ending: A History of Women's Institutes in Prince Edward Island. Charlottetown: Federated Women's Institutes of Prince Edward Island, 2000

Pretty, Jules and Hugh Ward. "Social Capital and the Environment." World Development 29.2 (2001): 209-27.

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